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Celestial Views in Ancient Greece
Insights from Homer and Hesiod
Introduction
Homer, renowned for his epic tales of war and long journeys, provides subtle glimpses into the Greek understanding of the...
Rise and Decline of Caria through History
Extent of Carian Territory
At its zenith, Caria’s territory stretched from present-day Lake Bafa in the north to Lake Köycegiz east of Marmaris in the...
Mystery of Ancient Caria
Origins of Caria
In ancient times, the coastal and inland regions of Asia Minor were organized into provinces with uncertain origins, shaped by indigenous populations...
Struggles in the Maccabean Kingdom
Salome Alexandra’s Rule (76-67 B.C.
After the death of Alexander Jannaeus, his wife Salome Alexandra took charge of the Maccabean kingdom. Their son, John Hyrcanus...
After Alexander The Wars of the Diadochi
Alexander seemingly didn’t plan for his empire’s survival without him. On his deathbed, when asked about his successor, he simply said, “the strongest.” This...
The Final March and the Legacy of Alexander
If Alexander’s soldiers believed the war had concluded, they were mistaken. Darius, still evading capture, hid in Ecbatana. In the spring of 330 B.C.,...
Gaugamela Triumph and the Persian Conquest
The pivotal clash that reshaped history unfolded on October 1, 331 B.C., at the Battle of Gaugamela. Employing a strategic masterpiece, Alexander leveraged the...
Alexander’s Conquests From Diplomacy to Gaugamela
As Alexander confronted the resilient city of Tyre, Darius extended a remarkable peace offer through an envoy. Darius proposed peace, the safe return of...
Alexander’s Conquests From the Gordian Knot to Tyre’s Fall
Following his triumph in Ionia, Alexander embarked on a remarkable journey through Caria, where a local queen embraced him as an honorary son. The...
Alexander the Great Conquest and Challenges
Alexander the Great’s conquests were marked by strategic brilliance and audacity. After his father Philip of Macedon secured Greece, the stage was set for...
